How is a longer lifespan connected to stress levels in animals?

A longer lifespan is indeed linked to lower stress levels in animals because chronic stress can have detrimental effects on an animal’s overall health and well-being. When animals experience high stress levels, they may suffer from various physical problems, such as weakened immune function, increased disease susceptibility, and behavioral issues that can lead to a decline in quality of life.

Lower stress levels promote better health outcomes. Animals that live in a more relaxed environment are likely to have healthier physiological responses, resulting in better overall longevity. It is also important to recognize that stress can lead to the release of cortisol and other stress hormones, which, when elevated over long periods, can contribute to health issues such as obesity, cardiovascular problems, and shorter lifespans.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately reflect the connection between stress and lifespan. For instance, the idea that increased stress could lead to physical growth does not align with how stress typically impacts health. Moreover, asserting that stress levels do not affect longevity contradicts substantial research indicating that animal welfare directly influences lifespan. Finally, the notion that shorter life is associated with higher activity fails to consider the nuances of how both stress and activity levels are interconnected with health and longevity.