What type of stress is characterized by its long-term effects on health and wellbeing?

Chronic stress is characterized by its long-term effects on health and well-being. This type of stress occurs when an individual is exposed to continuous stressors over an extended period of time, leading to a state of persistent stress that can adversely affect both physical and mental health. In animals, chronic stress can manifest in various ways, including behavioral changes, immune system suppression, and a host of potential health issues. It contrasts with acute stress, which is a temporary response to an immediate threat or challenge and typically resolves once the stressor is removed. Situational stress pertains to specific circumstances that may cause temporary worry or anxiety, while environmental stress refers to stressors stemming from external conditions like noise, temperature, or habitat. Chronic stress, by its very nature, can accumulate and have prolonged detrimental effects, making it a critical concern in both veterinary medicine and animal care practices focused on well-being.