Which term refers to a previously neutral stimulus that elicits a response?

The term that refers to a previously neutral stimulus that elicits a response is known as a conditioned stimulus. In classical conditioning, a conditioned stimulus is a critical concept that highlights how learning occurs through association. Initially, the stimulus does not cause a response. However, when it is paired repeatedly with an unconditioned stimulus—one that naturally elicits a response—it begins to evoke a similar response on its own.

For example, if a bell is rung (neutral stimulus) while food (unconditioned stimulus) is presented, the animal will eventually begin to salivate (response) at the sound of the bell alone, indicating that the bell has become a conditioned stimulus. This ability to teach an animal to respond to a formerly neutral signal is key in the field of behavior modification, particularly within veterinary settings where reducing fear and anxiety is essential. Understanding this concept is fundamental for anyone involved in veterinary care, as it helps in creating positive experiences for animals and their owners during visits.